Brain energy metabolism refers to the processes by which the brain generates and utilizes energy to support its various functions. The brain is one of the most energy-demanding organs in the body, accounting for approximately 20% of the body's total energy consumption. Glucose is the primary fuel source for the brain, and it is metabolized through a series of complex biochemical pathways to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main source of energy for cellular activities. Disruption of brain energy metabolism can lead to various neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Research in this area aims to understand the mechanisms underlying brain energy metabolism, including the roles of different neurotransmitters, enzymes, and metabolic pathways. This knowledge can help in developing new therapies for neurological disorders and improving brain health and function.